Unit Two Seminar Option Two 1

Unit Two Seminar Option TwoIT 273Alex Brown

Unit Two Seminar Option Two 2

The OSI model is a seven-layer model that is a standardized method of communication and can be viewed as an outline for a connection. The OSI model divides communication between two hosts into those seven layers. These are protocols that help these devices communicate using the same language. The seven layers each server different purpose in the OSI model. TCP/IP are well-established internet protocols that share similarities with the OSI model.The seven layers (in order from bottom to top) are physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application. When two hosts are attempting a connection, the information will be sent from the application level down towards the receiver and then the receiver will take the reverse steps up the layers to display that information. Each layer has a different role to help facilitate this connection between the two hosts. Example, the physical layer would be the connection between an ethernet cable and a switch or router and the application layer would be a displayed website, application, or file transfer. This model is great for troubleshooting because it allows for the user to follow a logical progression to find a solution starting at the physical and working up to the application layer. You can also group the layers because many layers build on the previous layer. A common grouping is for three groups and those groups are layers one and two, layers three and four, and layers five, six, and seven. The bottom two are architecture layers which build the base of the connection. The middle two are the transport layers or sending and receiving the information. Finally, the top three are the application layers or displaying the information being shared between the two hosts. As information moves up through the OSI model it breaks apart the information being sent to verify that information and when information gets sent back the information gets larger.There are many different TCP/IP protocols and they all have a different purpose or set of rules. HTTP and HTTPS are used for web browsing, FTP is for file transfer, SMTP and POP3 are Unit Two Seminar Option Two 3

different email protocols, and DNS which translates the website address into the IP and connects to that web server. Protocols can be seen as a set of guidelines so they guide or set the rules for what specific task can be completed. So these different protocols help us connect to the internet, send/receive email, or transferring files.

The main focus of the seminar was the OSI model and how the sever layers interact and

build upon each other for a successful transfer of data. There are also many different protocols used that are a set of rules that dictate what a task a service can fulfill. The OSI model and these protocols help dictate how information is sent and viewed between two hosts.

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